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Englisch Übungshefte mit Lösungen Englisch Landesabitur 2020/21
      Aktuelle Download-Materialien
  ->Epochen englischer Literatur
  ->Textgattungen:
    Erzähldichtung (narrative fiction )
      
     Zu unterscheiden sind Novel und short story
  ->Erzählperspektiven
  ->Textanalyse/Textproduktion
  ->How to write a good summary
  ->How to analyse the setting of a Story /Novel
  ->How to describe pictures
  -> A feature story   -> A fairy Tale   -> A fable
 -> NewsStory   -> Editorial    -> A report
  ->Rhetorische Figuren/Stilmittel
  ->Gedichtsinterpretation (verse rhythm & stylistic devices)
  ->Fortgeschrittene Interpretationsansätze

Englisch Übungshefte mit Lösungenuseful vocabulary & expressions





Erzählsituation & Erzählperspektive
   

Erzählperspektive (point of view / narrative perspective)

Art und Weise der Präsentation von : Personen/Ereignissen/Schauplätzen/zentralen Handlungselementen

Die vielfältigen Erzählhaltungen können vereinfacht durch 3 Positionen veranschaulicht werden:

 
I)
Auktoriale Erzählsituation (omniscient point of view)
   
  • durch außenstehenden Erzähler, der auf Protagonisten der dritten Person (third person narrator) verweist
  • Handlung wird aus einer allwissenden Perspektive wiedergegeben.
  • Ort, Zeit und Geschehen können beliebig gewechselt werden.

   

Heterodiegetisch (heterodigetic)= erzählendes Ich (narrating I )
Das "erzählende Ich" hat unbegrenzte Wahrnehmung, weil der Erzähler außerhalb der von ihm erzählten Welt steht, er ist also allwissend.

Die auktoriale Erzählsituation wurde vor allem im traditionellen Epos sowie im frühen
Roman angewandt.


 
II)
Ich Erzählsituation (first person narrator)
   
  • durch Protagonisten oder Nebenfigur (beteiligte Personen)
  • ein Großteil der Romane setzt einen Protagonisten (a protagonist / main character) als Erzähler ein.
    z.B. Laurence Sterne: "Tristram Shandy"
Charles Dickens: "David Copperfield"
    Ziel der „Ich Erzählung“ durch Protagonisten(main character):
möglichst genaue, subjektive Wiedergabe der Erlebnisse und Gefühle des Erzählers.
    Ziel der „Ich Erzählung“ durch Nebenfigur (minor character):
   
  • Nähe zum Protagonisten kann bewusst vermieden werden
  • Mystifizierung des Protagonisten
    z.B. Melville: Moby Dick
F.Scott Fitzgerald: The Great Catsby
    Durch gezielten strukturellen Einsatz der Erzählperspektive werden inhaltliche Aspekte vorweggenommen.

Homodiegetisch (homodiegetic)= erlebendes Ich
(experiencing I ) :

begrenzte Wahrnehmung, weil der Erzähler von einer Welt berichtet, an der er selbst als Figur beteiligt ist.

 
Viele Romane aus dem 18. und 19. Jhdt zeichnen sich durch eine starke Erzählpräsens und ein ausgeprägtes Selbstbewusstsein dieser Erzähler aus. Zur Moderne hin ist eine Tendenz zu einer zurückhaltenden Erzählinstanz zu beobachten.

 

 
III )
Personale Erzählsituation (figural narrative situation)
   
  • Durch handelnde Personen (kommentarlos)
  • Der Erzähler (narrator = textinterne Person) tritt in den Hintergrund ;
  • Handlung wird scheinbar durch agierende Personen des Textes wiedergegeben
  • Sie kann durch unterschiedliche Präsentationsformen vermittelt werden (z.B. durch indirekte Rede, gedankliche Reflexion
  • Die personale Erzählsituation wird häufig eingesetzt, wenn sich der Leser selbst ein Urteil bilden soll.

   
Stream of consciousness technique:
In der Moderne kam das Bestreben auf, sich von alten Konventionen zu lösen und neue, unkonventionelle Formen zu suchen. Eine solche unkonventionele Form ist die stream-of-consciousness-Technik, welche versucht, die Gedanken einer Person möglichst naturgetreu wiederzugeben, d.h. ohne Rücksicht auf Logik, Syntax oder grammatikalische Richtigkeit, dafür aber mit allen Assoziationen und Gedankensprüngen.
The stream of consciousness- technique reveals the inner thoughts of a person true to life regardless of syntax and chronological order ( Bsp. sind "Who´s afraid of Virginia Woolf", "A Portrait of the artist as a young man" und "Death of a Salesman")

Innerer Monolog (interior monologue)
Erlebte Rede (free indirect discourse)


    Erzähler tritt in den Hintergrund. Das Geschehen wird durch die psychischen Reaktionen einer handelnden Person vermittelt.




The ´English novel´(Roman)


(Vorsicht: Der englische Begriff "novel" ist nicht gleich "Novelle" im Deutschen !!!)

->
English Version

Vor der englischen "novel" existierten zwei Arten der Prosa:
epic: Ein Held der die Ideale seiner Generation und seiner Lebenswelt verkörpert, löst Probleme und Aufgaben von nationalem und weltlichem Interesse.
romance: Die Handlung ist so kurz wie möglich, linear und zielgerichtet. Die Characterzüge des Protagonisten(Hauptperson) werden detaillierter dargestellt.
   
Definition einer "novel":

Eine "novel" ist eine meist komplexe, erfundene Geschichte (Roman) von beachtlicher Länge, in der Charactere (für gewöhnlich Menschen, aber nicht immer) an einem bestimmten Ort (setting) miteinander agieren. "Novels" sind in Stil, Form und Inhalt oft sehr unterschiedlich. Verbreitung fand sie im 18. Jahrhundert in Großbritannien.


Unterteilungen der "novel":

1) Schelmenroman(picaresque novel): "The life of Jack Wilton", "Tom Jones", "Moll Flanders", "The unfortunate traveller "

> Ein Schelmenroman erzählt von den Erfahrungen eines Schelms, der umherzieht.
> Er beschreibt Menschen, erzählt von deren Mißerfolgen und Fehlern und macht sich über sie lustig.

2) Schäferoman : "Arcadia"

>Er zeigt die Entwicklung einer Person von der Kindheit bis ins hohe Alter

4) Historischer Roman (historical novel):"Waverly" by Sir Walter Scott

> Personen und Handlungen werden in einem realistischen, historischen Zusammenhang gezeigt.

5) Briefroman (epistolary novel): "Pamela"

> Ein Brief wird benutzt um eine Handlung in der Ich-Erzählperspektive zu erzählen.

6) Satirischer Roman (satirical novel):"Gulliver´s Travels" by Jonathan Swift, "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn"

> Es wird auf Schwächen und Fehlentwicklungen der Gesellschaft durch Übertreibung hingewiesen.

7) Utopischer Roman (utopian novel): "1984" by George Orwell, ""Brave New World" by Aldous Huxley, "Fahrenheit 451"
8) Schauerroman (gothic novel): "Dracula" by Bram Stokers
9) Kriminalroman ( detective novel):"Murder on the Orient Express" by Agatha Christie




English NOVEL (Englischer Roman)

(Be careful: The English term"novel" is not identical with "Novelle" in German !!!)

->
Deutsche Version

Before the novel two types of fiction were typical:
epic: One hero who represents the ideals of that generation and its world view solves tasks of national and cosmic importance..
romance: The action is as short as possible , linear and aim directed. The traits of the protagonist are shown at greater detail.
   
Definition einer "novel":

A novel is a complex fictional narrative text of considerable length written in prose in which characters (usually but not always human beings) interact with one another in a specific setting. It is created by imagination. Novels are extremely varied in style, form and content. The novel became fully established in the 18th century in Britain.


Subgenres of the "novel":

1) picaresque novel(Schelmenroman ): "The life of Jack Wilton", "Tom Jones", "Moll Flanders", "The unfortunate traveller"

> The novel tells the experiences of a picaro moving about.
> A picaresque novel describes people, tells from their failures and pokes fun at them.

2) Schäferoman (no English term): "Arcadia"
3) Bildungsroman (Bildungsroman -no English term):"Mill on the floss", "David Copperfield"

>The "Bildungsroman" shows the development of a person from childhood to age.

4) Künstlerroman (Englisch u. Deutsch):" A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"
5) historical novel (Historischer Roman ):"Waverly" by Sir Walter Scott

> persons and actions are shown within a realistic historical context.

6) epistolary novel (Briefroman): "Pamela"

> a letter is used to telle a first person narration.

7) satrirical novel (Satirischer Roman):"Gulliver´s Travels" by Jonathan Swift, "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn"

> weaknesses and defects of society are pointed at through exaggeration

8) utopian novel (Utopischer Roman): "1984" by George Orwell, ""Brave New World" by Aldous Huxley, "Fahrenheit 451"

>alternative worlds are established to critizise socio-political conditions.

> There is a distinction between -> utopia and distopia

9) gothic novel (Schauerroman): "Dracula" by Bram Stokers
10) detective novel ( Kriminalroman):"Murder on the Orient Express" by Agatha Christie



Short story

 

First definition
There is no generally accepted definition of the short story that clearly seperates it from other narrative text forms like the novel. Edgar Allan Poe who is often said to have invented the genre, said that s short story could "be read in one sitting"- but so can some short novels. A short story is a short fictional text. It deals with/concentrates on one character, situation, dilemma or problem. Unlike in a novel, in a short story the characters, the situation, etc. are not fully developed; the focus is on one single aspect which undergoes a change in the course of the story. The story´s exposition, falling action and denouement may be short or even nonexistent. The elements of a short story are
 
          • characters
          • setting (the place and time at which the events take place)
          • theme (central idea)
          • plot (series of events)
  The plot
 
The author of a fictional text usually arranges the events according to cause and effect. The resulting structure is called the plot. A good plot will have some elements of suspense and hold the reader´s attention. Most plots centre on a conflict. Normally the plot develops in a number of stages:
 
  • exposition
(introduction of the main characters, the setting etc) in which the characters, theme, etc. are introduced)
  • rising action
(developing conflict) in which a conflict beween two forces is developed
  • climax
(moment when the conflict is most intense/when the conflict reaches its highest point)
  • turning point
(point at which an important change takes place/ in which there is a change in the conflict or suspense)
  • falling action
(reduction in suspense/ in which there is a reduction of suspense)
  • denouement
(also known as the solution, when the conflict is resolved. Instead of a denouement there may be an open ending, in which the conflict is not resolved and the reader is left wondering what might happen next, or a surprise ending, where the reader´s expectations that been built up in the course of the story are not fulfilled but instead a surprising solution of the conflict is presented.)
   
 

Second definition

"It centres around one incident in the lives of a limited number of characters, which is often revealed as an unusual incident."
(In: The Learner´s vocabulary for Text Analysis: Dortmund 1973, P. 55)

Some of the elements that make up a good (short) story:
  • A short story is a piece of prose fiction which can be read at a single sitting.
  • It ought to combine objective matter of fact description with poetic atmosphere.
  • It mostly shows a decisive moment of life(which can entail a fatal blow).
  • There is often little action, hardly any character development, but we get a snapshot of life.
  • Its plot is not very complex(in contrast to the novel), but it creates a unified impression and leaves us with a vivid sensation rather than a number of remembered facts.
  • There is a close connection between the short story and the poem as there is in both a unique union of idea and structure.

The short story is a piece of art that tries to give us a special impression of the world we live in. It aims to produce a single narrative effect with the greatest economy of means and the utmost emphasis.
(In: Five Modern American Short stories: Frankfurt 1972, p.60)





News story


-> A news story offers information about an event that is of current or general interest to the public.
-> It is based on facts, but enriched by background information and story-like elements.
-> Different perspectives may be offered so that the readers can form their own opinion.
-> News stories often start by directly confronting the reader with the topic or situation.
-> In addition to that they often end with a thought -provoking statement or idea .





 



Editorial


  -> An editorial is a type of comment
-> A comment is a text in which the writer expresses his or her personal opinion.
-> The writer gives reasons for holding that opinion and tries to convince the reader or listener .
->
It is usually written by the chief editor of a newspaper or magazine
-> Furthermore it expresses the paper´s opinion and position regarding a topic of current importance or general concern.
->


In British journalism an editorial is also known as a leading article or leader.


 



A Report

->A report provides answers to the "five w´s, i.e. to the questions "Who?", "What?", "When?","Where?" and "Why?"

Example:

Yesterday evening at 10 pm a terrible accident happened on the main road to Oxford. A man crashed into a tree. Badly injured the happily maried father of three children died on the way to hospital. It is assumed that he wanted to move aside a dog that was on the road at the time of the occurence. The dog was still waiting at the location when the police arrived.

  Who?
What?
When?
Where?
Why?
- the happily married father of three children
- an accident happened
- yesterday eventing at 10 pm
- on the main road to Oxford
- a dog was on the road and the driver wanted to move aside
 
->It consists of facts that can be checked on and does not contain the opinions of the writer.
->The most important information answering these questions is usually given in the introductory sentences.



Feature Story

-> A feature story is a type of report.
-> A feature story deals with a problem or topic by concentrating on a particular person or on particular people.
-> A feature story takes and individual case as its starting point to discuss the different aspects of the topic on a personal level
-> Moreover it leaves the reader to draw more general conclusions from this individual case.
-> The writer of a feature story makes use of direct quotes from the people involved in the story .
-> Furthermore it relies on first- hand-reporting, i.e. writing mostly about things and people he or she has actually encountered.



A fairy tale

-> A fairy tale is a narrative prose text about the adventures, fortunes and misfortunes of a hero or heroine.
->

The characters that are often young and archetypal are usually good-looking, strong and rich men or beautiful and warm-heated woman
-> Fairy tales usually begin with the words"Once upon a time" and end with "and they all lived happily ever after".
-> Besides the human characters, there are usually mythical beings such as fairies, gnomes, etc.
-> The tales are to a certain degree moral, since good usually triumphs over evil.
   
Examples are: "Little Red Riding Hood (Rotkäppchen)", "Sleeping Beauty"




A fable

-> A fable is a fictional narrative text that is usually short in length.
-> Typical for a fable is that animals represent human types or act like human beings;
-> Thus a fable is a form of allegory.
-> Fables are normally didactic for they intend to teach a moral lesson, illustrate some general truth or make a satirical comment.
-> In the more traditional version there is an epilogue or in other words a moral tag at the end.
-> The moral of other fables may be understood from the text.
   
Examples are:" George Orwell´s "Animal Farm"(1945) and James Thurber´s " The Shrike and the Chipmunks"(1945)

James Thurber´s “FABLES of our time”

The mouse who went to the country
The little girl and the wolf
The two turkeys
The tiger who understood people
The fairly intelligent fly
The lion who wanted to zoom
The very proper gander
The moth and the star
The shrike and the shipmunks
The seal who became famous
The hunter and the elephant
The Scotty who knew too much.
The bear who let it alone.
The owl who was god
The sheep in wolf´s clothing
The stork who married a dumb wife.
The green isle in the sea
The crow and the Oriole
The elephant who challenged the world
The birds and the Foxes
The Courtship of Arthur and Al
the Hen who wouldn´t fly.
The glass in the field
The Turtoise and the hare
The patient bloodhound
The unicorn in the garden
The rabbits who caused all the trouble
The hen and the heavens


James Thurber (1894 - 1961),


Englisch Fabeln. Bestellinformation von Buch24.de Englisch Fabeln - Bestellinformation von Buecher.de Englisch Fabeln - Bestellinfos von Amazon.de


Other famous fabulists of our time:
Leo Tolstoy (1828 - 1910).
Arnold Lobel (1933 - 87),
author of Fables, winner 1981 Caldecott Medal
José Saramago (born in 1922)
Isaac Bashevis Singer (1904 - 1991)
Ambrose Bierce (1842 - 1914).
Franz Kafka (1883 - 1924)
Sholem Aleichem (1859 - 1916).
George Ade (1866 - 1944), Fables written in Slang, etc.
Don Marquis (1878 - 1937),
Author of the fables of archy and mehitabel.
Bill Willingham (born 1956), Author of Fables graphic novels.
Damon Runyon (1884 - 1946).
George Orwell (1903 - 50)





English Poetry. Verse rhythm & stylistic devices
Englische Gedichte. Versmaß und Stilmittel

Verse rhythm (Versmaß)

foot: smallest metrical unit

trochee: two-syllable foot with falling stress ("Trochee")
iamb: two-syllable foot with rising stress, the first unstressed and the second stressed

dactyl: three syllable foot with falling stress, a metrical foot consisting of one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed. It is rare to find a peom composed entirely of dactylls.
z.B. Dactyl

anapaest: three-syllable foot with rising stress

monometer: line containing one foot
diameter, trimeter, tetrameter, pentameter, hexameter, heptameter, octameter: lines containing tow, three... feet.

caesura: phonetic pause within a line (Verseinschnitt, Zäsur)
blank verse: unrhymed iambic pentameter, consisting of five iambic feet
                   Trochee
alexandrine: iambic hexameter with a caesura after the third foot
free verse: verse irregulary rhythmical (like prose)
run-on lines (enjambement !!!): lines that are not end-stopped



Stanza (Strophe)

- couplet or distich: stanza of thwo lines
- heroic couplet: two iambic pentameters coupled by rhyme
- tercet, quatrain, cinquain, sestet, septet, octave...: stanzas of three, four.. lines
- sonnet - a lyric consisting of 14 rhymed iambic pentameters
- Italien sonnet (Petrarchian): an octave (abba abba) followed by a sestet (cde cde)
- Shakespearian sonnet: three quatrains followed by a heroic couplet (two iambic pentameters)


Rhyme

- masculine rhyme: monosyllabic
- feminine ryhme: double or dissyllabic rhyme
- continuous rhyme: aa bb cc (Paarreim)
- alternate rhyme: abab cdcd (Kreuzreim)
- enclosing rhyme: abba cddc (umarmender Reim)
- internal or middle rhyme: Binnenreim ("The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew")
- eye rhyme: I - utterly


Devices

- structural devices: contrast, illustration, repetition
- sense devices: simile (like, as), metaphor, personification, symbol, allegory
- sound devices: alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme, assonance, rhythm




Oxford Book of English Verse
The Oxford Book of English Verse


Einfach Englisch. Unterrichtsmodell Poetry
Einfach Englisch
Unterrichtsmodell
Poetry


English Poetry
English Poetry
Reclam

Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms
Einfach Englisch
Unterrichtsmodell
Poetry





How to describe pictures ...

    Setting
    • time? When does the action take place? (in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night?
    • place? Where does the action take place? ( in a house? in a room? somewhere in the nature?)


    Composition
    • in the background, foreground, middle
    • in the top left-hand corner
    • in the bottom right hand corner


    Details
      People
    • What do they look like?
    • What are they wearing?
    • What are they doing?

    Missing details
    • Are there any important details that are missing although they should be there?
      (A room without windows? A door without a handle?)

    Other features
    • furniture, parts of a room, buildings, scenery, vehicles, objects, animals



    Words to express your opinion:
    • On the one hand ...
      and on the other hand...
    • In my opinion...
    • To my mind...
    • I suppose...
    • I believe...
    • It looks like...( a restaurant)
    • It looks as if...
    • It might be..
    • It can´t be...
    • It must be...


    • So do I.
    • Neither do I.
    • I agree with...
    • I don´t agree with...






How to analyse the setting of a text

Hat man den Auftrag das "Setting" eines Textes zu analysieren, so geht es darum, zu beschreiben, wo und auch warum eine Handlung an einem bestimmten Ort stattfindet.
Es gilt also, die Räumlichkeiten oder die örtliche Umgebung (möglicherweise die Natur) näher zu untersuchen, in denen sich die Charaktere aufhalten. So kann der Leser z.B. oftmals von den Umständen in der Gegend oder dem Alter und der Art eines Wohnhauses bzw. der Wohnung Rückschlüsse auf den jeweiligen sozialen Status ziehen. Ich möchte dies mal mit Hilfe der Kurzgeschichte "Cheers" erläutern.

Die folgende Geschichte handelt von einer armen Näherin, die für reichere Leute am anderen Ende der Bahnlinie Näharbeiten verrichtet, während ihre Kinder im Fernsehen "Queen of the Day" schauen. Die sehr geschminkte Näherin selbst und ihre Kinder wohnen in einer übelriechenden Gegend.
Honey ist das kleine Mädchen aus reicheren Verhältnissen, die ihre Kleidungsstücke abholen kommt.



Cheers

The sewing woman lived across the tracks, down past Arey´s Feed Store. Row of skinny houses on a mud alley. Her rooms smelled of salted grease and old newspaper. Behind the ironing board she was thin, scooping up papers that shuffled open in her hands. Her eyebrows were arched sharp and painted on.
She made cheerleading suits for ten-year-olds. Threading the machine, she clicked her red nails on the needle and pulled my shirt over my head. In the other room the kids watched Queen Of The Day. She bent over me. I saw each eyelash painted black and hard and separate. Honey she said. Turn around this way. And on the wall there was a postcard of orange trees in Florida. A man in a straw had reached up with his hand all curled. Beautiful Bounty said the card in wavy red letters.
I got part of it made up, she said, fitting the red vest. You girls are bout the same. She pursed her red lips and pinched the cloth together. Tell me something Honey. How´ d I manage all these kids an no man. On television there was loud applause for the queen, whose roses were sharp and real. Her machine buzzed like an animal beside the round clock. She frowned as she pressed the button with her foot, then furled the red cloth out and pulled me to her. Her pointed white face was smudged around the eyes I watched the pale strand of scalp in her hair. There she said.
When I left she tucked the money in her sweater. She had pins between her teeth and lipstick gone grainy in the cracks of her mouth. I had a red swing skirt and a bumpy A on my chest. Lord, she said. You do look pretty.

[1979]
Jayne Anne Phillips


Aufgabe: Discuss the functions of the setting in the above story


At the beginning of the story the reader gets some information about the environment in which the seamstress lives. These descriptions have different functions:
First of all they serve to structure the story so that one can imagine in which area both the sewing woman and the little Honey live. Thus according to the text the seamstress is to be found across the trail whereas the little girl resides in the town centre.
Secondly atmosphere is created. She herself is described as standing behind the ironing board doing activities which do not go well with the ironing board(line 3,4: scooping up papers)
Secondly the descriptions have the function to characterize the protagonists of the short story. Living behind the trail in “skinny” houses and on a “mud alley” makes the reader assume that she lives more likely in a poor and shabby area whereas the little girl more likely belongs to the middle class. The fact that she speaks a non-standard English (line 13:”bout”, line 15: “somethin” and line 16 ”an”) reveals her low education.
By mentioning that is smells of “salted grease” and “ old newspaper” the author Jayne Anne Phillips creates realism. The reader feels as if he was there and as if he was involved. Additionally it can be regarded as an indication of the social background.
Already at the end of the first paragraph the reader is allowed to have a look in the seamstress´ house. She herself is described as standing behind the ironing board doing activities which do not go well (match, fit) with the ironing board (line 3,4: scooping up papers). Honey is in her house and everything is described through her eyes. The second and the third paragraph take place in her house, too. She has made her face up (line 4/5, line 9 and line 14/15) and has red nails(line 6), too. In an other room the sewing woman´s children are watching “Queen of the day”.
In line 10-12 a postcard being on the wall reveals her dreams and wishes. The postcard showing Florida says “Beautiful Bounty”. Florida is a symbol of wealth and beauty.
In the third paragraph the reader is pointed to the noise of her sewing machine which undoubtedly bothers the children watching TV. By mentioning the noise of the machine the author wants again to create realism and to help the reader to comprehend the circumstances under which the sewing woman and her children have to live.
In the fourth and last paragraph Honey leaves the house. Thus the first and the last paragraph are like a frame inside which there is the sewing woman´s house with all the occurrences.

Der Text hat also kurz gefasst folgende Funktionen:

a) to structure the story
b) to create atmosphere
c ) to characterize the protagonists
d ) to create realism



>> words to describe the setting of a novel or story

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Vocabulary for
text analysis and text production

  words to describe  
feeling
 
setting
     
 
character
 


conjunctions / prepositions expressions for text analysis and text production





Words to express feeling:

to be concerned besorgt   to be fearful furchtsam

 
to be confident zuversichtlich   to be frightened erschrocken

 
to be content zufrieden   to be nervous nervös

 
to be hopeful hoffnungsvoll   to be pessimistic pessimistisch

 
to be optimistic optimistisch   to be upset aufgeregt

 
to be pleased erfreut   to be sad traurig

 
to be satisfied zufrieden   to be shocked schockiert

 
to be worried beunruhigt   to be bothered verärgert

 
to be bothered verärgert   to be excited aufgeregt

 




Vocabulary to describe character traits, part I
Worte um den Charakter einer Person zu beschreiben

positive:     negative:

patient geduldig   intemperate unbeherrscht

 
polite höflich   intolerant intolerant

 
reasonable vernünftig   irritable reizbar

 
self-controlled beherrscht   obstinate eigensinnig

 
self-assured selbstbewusstt   ruthless rücksichtslos

 
sensible vernünftig   self-centered ichbezogen

 
sensitive empfindsam   stubborn sturr, halsstarrig

 
tolerant tolerant      
        weitere->





Vocabulary to describe character traits, part II
Worte um den Charakter einer Person zu beschreiben

positive:     negative:  
balanced ausgeglichen   aggressive aggressiv

 
calm ruhig   brutal brutal

 
courageous mutig   cruel grausam

 
friendly freundlich   desparate verzweifelt

 
good-natured gutmütig   impatient ungeduldig

 
moderate gemäßigt   impolite unhöflich

 
modest bescheiden   impulsive impulsiv

 
       





Vocabulary to describe the setting of a novel or story
Worte um den Handlungsraum eines Romans oder einer Kurzgeschichte zu beschreiben

positive atmosphere:  
calm ruhig

carefree sorgenfrei

peaceful friedlich

safe sicher

serene heiter

   
negative atmosphere:
aggressive aggressiv

cold kalt

dark dunkel, düster

gloomy schwermütig

tense gespannt

threatening bedrohend

sad traurig





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